The Tandem Project
UNITED NATIONS, HUMAN RIGHTS &
FREEDOM OF RELIGION OR BELIEF
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Foreword
4
Acknowledgements
4
United Nations History
5
The Community Manual
7
PART I: The Introductory Course
8
Introduction
8
Course Outline
8
Rules for Respectful Dialogue
9
Introduction
9
Adopt Group Rules
10
Concepts and Methods
11
Concept: Freedom of Religion or Belief
11
Model: 1981 U.N. Declaration
21
Method: Monitoring the Articles
28
Databases: Resources & Information
33
Report: The Community Report
40
PART II: The 1981 U.N. Declaration
47
Declaration History
47
Study Guideline
50
Model Databases
53
Types of Constitutions
55
Article 1: Legal Definition
60
1.1. Policy and Legal Framework
60
1.2. Coercion and Freedom to Choose
70
1.3. Limitations on Religion or Belief
75
Article 2: Classifying Discrimination
83
2.1. Four Categories
83
2.2. Two Definitions
89
Article 3: Link to Other Rights
92
3.1. Indivisibility of Human Rights
92
Article 4: Effective Measures
100
4.1. Fields of Civic Activity
100
4.2. Legislation and Regulations
106
Article 5: Parents, Children, State
109
5.1. Rights of Three Parties
109
5.1.1. Parents Right to Raise Children
110
5.1.2. Guiding Principles in Education
110
5.1.3. Childs Right to Protection
110
5.1.4. Best Interests of the Child
111
5.1.5. States Right to Protect Children
112
Article 6: Specific Freedoms
117
6.1 Nine Rights
117
6.1.1. Assemble, Maintain, Places of Worship
118
6.1.2. Charitable and Humanitarian Institutions
119
6.1.3. Materials for Rites and Ceremonies
120
6.1.4. Write and Disseminate Publications
121
6.1.5. Teach in Places Suitable for the Purpose
122
6.1.6. Solicit and Receive Contributions
123
6.1.7. Train, Elect and Appoint Leaders
124
6.1.8. Days of Rest, Holidays and Ceremonies
124
6.1.9. Establish and Maintain Communications
125
Article 7: National Legislation
131
7.1. Enacted and Available in Practice
131
7.1.1 Set Forth in Legislation
132
7.1.2 Available in Practice
132
Article 8
:
Existing Protections
136
8.1. International Bill of Human Rights
136
8.1.1 Restrict or Derogate
136
8.1.2 Conventions and Declarations.
137
PART III: The Community or Country Assesment Report
141
Community or Country Assesment Report Template
142
PART IV: Reference Documents
156
Abbreviated 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights
156
Article 18: International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
157
The 1981 U.N. Declaration on Freedom of Religion or Belief
159
U.N. Human Rights Committee: General Comment 22 on Article 18
163
Human Rights & Freedom of Religion or Belief.
167
Questionnaire: The Ultimate Meaning of Life
175
Case Study Worksheet
179
Global Resource Fields
183
Bibliography
189